Early Humans

Readability Levels:

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= at approximate grade level,

= advanced,

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2009 - 2010

Table of Contents
	1. Archaeology	6. Technology
	-----Prehistory---What is Archaeology?---How Archaeologists help?---Artifacts---BC Links	-----Hunting, Gathering and Farming - - Tools and Weapons - - Pottery - - Ceramics - - Transportation
	2. The Times Before History was Written	7. Prehistoric Monuments and Arts
	-----Development of Humans - --Paleolithic - -Mesolithic - --Neolithic	-----Paintings - -Petroglyphs - --Monuments - - Jewelry
	3. Evidence of Early Humans	8. Videos, Images, and Podcasts
	-----Africa - -The Middle East - --Europe - -Asia, Australia, Oceana - --The Americas	-----Videos - --Images - -Podcasts
	4. The Different Ages	9. WebQuests and Fun
	----Stone Age - -Bronze Age - --Iron Age - --The Development of Civilization	----WebQuests - --Fun
	5. Daily Life	10. Miscellaneous Resources
	-----Food - -Clothing - --Shelter	-----Doing Research - --Translate - --Misc.- --Folktales and Myths

1. Archaeology and the Study of Early Humans

Prehistory

1. Prehistory (mrdowling.com)

2. Prehistoric humans (kidspast.com)

3. Prehistoric people (42explore2.com)

4. Prehistory explained (simple.wikipedia.org)

5. Prehistoric life (The BBC, U.K.)

6. 10,000 years ago (edunetconnect.com)

7. The first humans: PowerPoint presentation (by Lin Donn and Phillip Martin, ancienthistory.pppst.com)

8. Prehistory to 3000 BCE: PowerPoint presentation (Pearson Education, USA)

What is Archaeology?

1. Reaching out to the past (South Dakota State Historical Society, USA)

2. Did you ever wonder? (Simon Fraser University, B.C. Canada)

3. Introduction to archaeology (Museum of Civilization, Ottawa, Canada)

4. What is Archaeology?: PowerPoint (Mr. McGuire - Nebo School District, Utah, USA)

5. Archeology and Anthropology: PowerPoint (Western Kentucky University, USA)

6. Archaeology from reel to reel (National Science Foundation, USA)

How do Archaeologists help us to learn about the past?

1 What is a legacy? (simple.wikipedia.org)

2. Piecing together the puzzle of history (American Museum of Natural History, USA)

3. Reading the remains (pbs.org, USA)

4. Understanding our past (American Museum of Natural History, USA)

5. Archaeology and the Scientific Method: PowerPoint (Keith Carson - University of Arizona, USA)

6. Can you dig it?: PowerPoint (Anne- Hagel - University of Wisconsin, USA)

7. Archaeology - excavations and techniques (The BBC, United Kingdom)

8. Forensic detectives - archaeology at work: 55 min video - requires password (Discovery Education)

What are Artifacts?

1. Artifacts defined (simple.wikipedia.org)

2. Artifacts - from an early Turkish community (Science Museum of Minnesota, USA)

3. Artifact (answers.com)

4. What are artifacts? (Department of the Interior,Government, USA)

Links to the study of Archaeology in British Columbia and Canada

1. Archaeology in British Columbia (Simon Fraser University, Canada)

2. UNBC archaeology (University of Northern British Columbia)

3. Archaeology - First Peoples (Museum of Civilization, Canada)

4. Kwaday Dän Ts'inchi (Government of British Columbia, Canada)

5. Archaeology in Arctic North America (University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada)

6. Archaeology - from the virtual museum (Ontario, Canada)

2. The Times Before History Was Written

The Development of Humans

1. Becoming human (becominghuman.org)

2. The who's who of Early Humans (mrdonn.org)

3. The timeline of evolution (Yale University - Peabody Museum, Connecticut, USA)

4. Human lineage through time (Arizona State University, USA)

5. Cavemen facts (The BBC, United Kingdom)

6. Meet your relatives (American Museum of Natural History, USA)

7. In search of human origins: click on map to enter flash site (National Geographic Society, USA)

8. Atlas of the Human Journey: requires flash (National Geographic Society, USA)

9. The evolution of man (The BBC, United Kingdom)

10. The day we learned to think (The BBC, United Kingdom)

11. Beginnings of human society : PowerPoint (Jefferson County Schools, Tennessee, USA)

12. Origin of humans: PowerPoint (Susan Pojer, Horace Greeley High School, Chappaqua, NY, USA)

13. Before we ruled the Earth: 55 min video - requires password (Discovery Education)

Paleolithic

1. Paleolithic defined (Answers.com)

2. The first tool-makers (mrdonn.org)

3. Learning to make fire (mrdonn.org)

4. Cro-Magnon (mrdonn.org)

5. Early peoples PowerPoint (Lin Donn, Phillip Martin, mrdonn.org)

6. Paleolithic Age (wikibooks.org)

7. Prehistory (Juan Carlos Ocana, Historiasiglo20.org)

8. Paleo-Indians: PowerPoint (Western Kentucky University, USA)

9. Paleolithic archaeology sites (donsmaps.com)

10. Cave dwellers (howstuffworks.com)

Mesolithic

1. Mesolithic defined (Answers.com)

2. Introduction to the Mesolithic (University of Greifswald, Germany)

3. Mesolithic Scotland - 9000 to 4000 BCE (Siurd Towrie, orkneyjar.com)

4. Mesolithic Ireland (wesleyjohnston.com)

5. Big Era Two and the three essential questions (San Diego State University, California, USA)

6. Big Era Two: PowerPoint (San Diego State University, California, USA)

Neolithic

1. Neolithic defined (Answers.com)

2. "Join the Neolithic revolution": graphic comic (Science Museum of Minnesota)

3. A neolithic community (gallica.co.uk)

4. Neolithic (Archaeolink Prehistory Park, UK)

5. Neolithic Age - the New Stone Age (ancientanatolia.com)

6. The Neolithic Revolution - how farming changed the world (the BBC, United Kingdom)

7. Big Era Three and the three essential questions (San Diego State University, California, USA)

8. The Neolithic Revolution (wikipedia.org)

9. Paleolithic vs. Neolithic (Mark Hudelson, Palomar College, CA, USA)

10. Neolithic period (World Museum of Man)

3. Evidence of Early Humans

Africa

1. Hominids and the hunt for society: 4 minute video requires password (United Streaming Video)

2. African history (historyforkids.org)

3. Journey of Mankind requires Flash (bradshawfoundation.com)

4. Human evolution (pbs.org, USA)

5. How did early humans first leave Africa (msnbc.msn.com)

6. Neolithic Nubia (Stuart Tyson Smith, University of California, USA)

7. Human migration map (K. Kris Hirst, about.com)

8. Human migration over time (New World Encyclopdia, USA)

9. Out of Africa: 7 minute video requires password (Discovery Education)

10. The earliest human migration: 5 minute video requires password (Discovery Education)

11. Hominid migration: PowerPoint Presentation (Michael J. Hill, Volunteer State Community College)

Middle East --- Needs more information.-- Can you help?

1. World History - the Near East

2. Human timeline - Syria (Royal Alberta Museum, Canada)

3. DNA studies trace human migration (San Francisco Chronicle, USA)

4. Çatalhöyük - Turkey: 8 minute video (archeologychannel.org)

Europe

1. Earliest Northern Europeans? (Natural History Museum, UK)

2. Early humans in Europe: 2 minute video (The BBC, UK)

3. The first Europeans came from Asia? (National Geographic, USA)

4. The first Europeans - treasures from Atapuerca (American Museum of Natural History, USA)

5. Dmanisi - cradle of the first Europeans (dmanisi.org, Republic of Georgia)

6. Stone Age to the Roman Empire: 4 minute video requires password (Discovery Education)

7. Neanderthals: 50 minute video requires password (Discovery Education)

Asia, Australia, and Oceania --- Needs more information.-- Can you help?

1. Worlds oldest inhabitants? (Michael Humphrey, Australia)

2. The Paleolithic (worldtimelines.org.uk)

3. Was India settled before Europe? (National Geographic, USA)

4. History of human evolution - Peking Man (American Museum of Natural History, USA)

5. Peking Man World Heritage Site (UNESCO - United Nations)

6. Vaka Taumako in the Solomon Islands- the first voyage: 17 minute video (archeologychannel.org)

7. Pigs may provide cluses to early human movement (The BBC, U.K.)

The Americas

1. Before Clovis (pbs.org, USA)

2. A journey to a new land (Simon Fraser University, BC, Canada)

3. Bering Land Bridge (National Park Service, USA)

4. From time immemorial: Tsimshian prehistory (Museum of Civilization, Canada)

5. Kwaday Dän Ts'inchi (Government of British Columbia, Canada)

6. Migration Theories - Canada's First Nations (University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada)

7. Alberta Aboriginal History timeline (Royal Alberta Museum, Canada)

8. Prehistoric peoples (Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada)

9. Quest for the Lost Land" (Geotimes Magazine)

10. The Mystery of the First Americans: 8 minute video requires password (Discovery Education)

11. The First Americans (National Geographic magazine, USA)

12. Paleo-Indians : PowerPoint (Western Kentucky University, USA)

13. Cahokia Mounds: 14 minute video (cahokiamounds.com, Illinois, USA

14. The prehistoric mounds of Uruguay: 24 minute video (archeologychannel.org)

15. Ice Age humans in South Carolina: 26 minute video (archeologychannel.org)

16. The Adena people - moundbuilders of Kentucky: 6 minute video (archeologychannel.org)

4. The Different Ages

The Stone Age

1. How Stone Age People lived (Kevin Deutsch, Lincoln Public School, Nebraska, USA)

2. The Stone Age (simple.wikipedia.org)

3. Stone Age (indopedia.org)

4. Stone Age art (artlex.com)

5. Silbury Hill: 10 minute video (archeologychannel.org)

6. Stone Age in Holland (AWH, Holland)

7. Big Era Two summary: PowerPoint (San Diego State University, California, USA)

8. Tools and raw material in the Stone Age (Creswll Heritage Trust, UK)

The Bronze Age

1. The Bronze Age (simple.wikipedia.org)

2. What is bronze (historyforkids,org)

3. Bronze Age (encarta.msn.com)

4. What is the Bronze Age? (wikipedia.org)

5. Legacy of the Bronze Age (University of Nevada, Reno, USA)

6. Bronze Age in Europe (University of Nevada, Reno, USA)

7. Bronze Age in Holland (AWH, Holland)

9. Bronze Age in Asia Minor (University of Nevada, Reno, USA)

10. Bronze Age in Asia (University of Nevada, Reno, USA)

11. Discovering China's Bronze Age: 3 minute video (howstuffworks.com)

12. Big Era Three summary : PowerPoint (San Diego State University, California, USA)

Bronze Age Cultures and Civilizations

1. Bronze Age in Britain (The BBC, UK)

2. Beaker culture (wikipedia.org)

3. Indus Valley civilization (wikipedia.org)

4. More? See Indian Empires at the eLibrary (SD#71, Comox Valley, BC, Canada)

5. Mesopotamian civilization (wikipedia.org)

6. More? See Mesopotamia page at the eLibrary (SD#71, Comox Valley, BC, Canada)

7. Minoan civilization (wikipedia.org)

8. Mycenaean civilization (wikipedia.org)

9. Shang Dynasty (wikipedia.org)

10. More? See Ancient China at the eLibrary (SD#71, Comox Valley, BC, Canada)

The Iron Age

1. The Iron Age (simple.wikipedia.org)

2. Iron Age (encarta.msn.com)

3. Iron Age in Holland (AWH, Holland)

4. Iron Age Britain (exploringsurreyspast.com)

5. Daily life in the Iron Age

6. Danebury - ritual and religion in the Iron Age: 19 minute video (archeologychannel.org)

7. Big Era Four summary: PowerPoint (San Diego State University, California, USA)

8. Iron Age artefacts (Wikimedia Commons)

9. Iron Age map 1000 BCE and at 500 BCE and at 200 BCE (Wikimedia Commons)

The Development of Civilization

1. What is civilization? (Mr. Dowling .com)

2. What are the characterizes of civilization? (Emory University, GA, USA)

3. The first civilizations (Ministry of Education, Spain)

4. Start of civilization (Mark Ashe, Ithica High School, New York, USA)

5. What is Civilization (wikipedia.org)

6. Agriculture and the development of civilization: 2 minute video requires password (Discovery Education)

7. Patterns and early science: 3 minute video requires password (howstuffworks.com)

5. Daily Life

Food

1. Food and hunting (Creswell Heritage Trust, U.K.)

2. "Join the Neolithic revolution": graphic comic (Science Museum of Minnesota)

3. Gathering food (historyforkids,org)

4. History of hunting (historyforkids,org)

5. Diet and subsistence (University of Indiana, USA)

6. Stone age chewing gum (abc.net.au)

7. Pre-agricultural times (Agropolis Museum, France)

8. Explore the world of hunter-gatherers (Newcastle University, United Kingdom)

9. Ancient and Medieval farming (historyforkids,org)

10. Humans domesticate animals (libraryindex.org)

11. How animal domestication works (howstuffworks.com)

12. From hunter-gathers to farmers (historyworld.net)

13. Early farming: PowerPoint (Amy Clark, University of Arizona)

13. Humans, hunting, and plants: PowerPoint - slow to load (Purdue University, Indiana, USA)

14. Places where crops originated: PowerPoint - slow to load (Purdue University, Indiana, USA)

Clothing

1. Materials used for clothing also links to wool and silk (encarta.msn.com)

2. Otzi the Iceman

3. The Iceman's belt (www.primitiveways.com)

4. History of spinning (historyforkids,org)

5. History of weaving (historyforkids,org)

6. Woven cloth (The BBC,UK)

7. Leather --- Wool --- Linen (historyforkids,org)

Shelter

1. Camp sites (Creswell Heritage Trust, U.K.)

2. Life at Hinds (University of Texas, USA)

3. Rock shelters of Bhimbetka (Archaeological Survey of India)

4. Archaic technology - shelter (Illinois State Museum, USA)

5. The first villages

6. Skara Brae - a neolithic village and The Knap o' Howar (Siurd Towrie at orkneyjar.com)

7. Early Neolithic house (Gwynedd Archaeological Trust, U.K.)

8. Dimini: Architecture in Neolithic Greece (Foundation of the Hellenic World, Greece)

9. Daily tasks in the Iron Age: photos (BBC, U.K.)

10. Blue Bridge round house - England (Milton Keynes Heritage Association, UK)

11. Building a roundhouse: animation (BBC, U.K.)

12. Building a roundhouse (bodrifty.co.uk)

6. Technology

Hunting, Gathering, Farming

1. Early agricultural tools: only works in Internet Explorer (encarta.msn.com)

2. The invention of the plow (University of Missouri, USA)

3. Plowing (historyforkids,org)

4. Stone tools - lithic technology (Indiana University, USA)

5. Domesticated animals: chickens --- cattle --- camels (historyforkids,org)

6. History of agriculture in China (computersmiths.com)

7. Bronze Age farming in Holland (1501bc.com)

8. Anasazi farming: 2 minute video (howstuffworks.com)

Other Tools and Weapons

1. Prehistoric flint tools (encarta.msn.com)

2. Prehistoric tools and their uses (encarta.msn.com)

3. Glass tools - obsidian (historyforkids,org)

4. Neolithic tools, weapons and artifacts (worldmuseumofman.org)

5. Neolithic axe manufacture (Government of the Isle of Man)

6. Stone Age toolkit and samples from the Fenn Cache (pbs.org, USA)

7. Bone tools and ground stone tools (University of Iowa, USA)

8. Making a Stone Age weapon: 2 minute video (pbs.org, USA)

9. Exhibition objects: tools (Creswell Heritage Trust, U.K.)

10. A short history of metals (Alan Cramb, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA)

Pottery

1. The history of invention - pottery (cbc.ca)

2. Potter's wheel (Smith College Museum of Ancient Inventions, USA)

3. Prehistoric pottery in China (Victor Bryant,ceramicstudies.me.uk )

4. How pottery works (howstuffworks.com)

5. China - home of pottery (china.org.cn)

6. Neolithic pottery jar (encarta.msn.com)

7. Neolithic pottery manufacture (Government of the Isle of Man)

8. Bronze Age pottery (Government of the Isle of Man)

9. Historic pottery, jewelry, and tools (Aquincum Museum, Budapest, Hungary)

Ceramics

1. Ceramics (simplewikipedia.org)

2. Oldest ceramics (pottedhistory.co.uk)

3. Ceramics (Indiana University, USA)

4. Ancient artifacts - ceramics and stoneware (Virtual Museum, United Arab Emirates)

Transportation

1. Archaic technology - transportation (Illinois State Museum, USA)

2. The sledge in the Stone Age: 3 minute video (archeologychannel.org)

3. Invention of the wheel (library.thinkquest.org)

4. History of transportation (www.centurionhh.com)

5. The Ferriby boats: requires flash (ferribyboats.co.uk)

6. Ancient sailing on rivers (archsubgras.free.fr)

7. Coracle skin boats (wikipedia.org)

8. The Dover Bronze Age boat (Dover Museum, U.K.)

9. Innovation linked to human migration out of Africa (National Geographic News)

7. Prehistoric Monuments and Arts

Paintings

1. Cave pictures and rock art (mrdonn.org) http://witcombe.sbc.edu/ARTHprehistoric.html#general

2. 50 oldest works of prehistoric art (visual-arts-cork.com, Ireland)

3. Examples of cave paintings (Harcourt Publishers)

4. The Cave of Lascaux (Government of France)

5. The Cave of Chauvet-pont-d'arc (Government of France)

6. Prehistoric Art: PowerPoint (Western Kentucky University, USA)

7. The Mysteries of the Cave Art: 19 minute video requires password (United Streaming/Discovery Education)

8. African rock art (encarta.msn.com)

9. Stone Age art (visual-art-cork.com)

10. Prehistoric art (The State Hermitage Museum, Russia)

Petroglyphs, Sculpture, and Music

1. Rock art on Vancouver and Galiano Islands (Simon Fraser University, BC, Canada)

2. Prehistoric art (Hermitage Museum, Russia)

3. Rock art in Europe (Tanums Hällristningsmuseum Underslös, Sweden)

4. Rock art of the Sahara: video trailer (bradshawfoundation.com)

5. African rock art (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA)

6. Rock art images from the United States (National Park Service, USA)

7. Prehistoric rock painting of Bhimbetaka, India (kamat.com)

8. Culture and creativity (Creswell Heritage Trust, U.K.)

9. Prehistoric music (homepage.tinet.ie, Ireland)

10. Prehistoric music (allexperts.com)

11. Neanderthal flute (greenwych.ca)

Monuments

1. Stonehenge require Google Earth (english-heritage.org.uk)

2. Stonehenge - an overview (english-heritage.org.uk)

3. Stonehenge: photos (greatbuildings.com)

4. Stonehenge workers' village: 5 minute video (National Geographic Society)

5. Who built Stonehenge?: 3 minute video (National Geographic Society)

6. Newgrange, Ireland - megalithic passage tomb (knowth.com)

7. Gavrinis Brittany, France - megalithic cairn (knowth.com)

8. Silbury Hill: 3 videos and introduction or weekly pdf updates on restorations (English Heritage, U.K.)

9. Goseck circle in Germany (wikipedia.org)

10. Prehistorama - stone circles and ancient sites: requires Apple QuickTime (stonepages.com)

11. Prehistoric Wales (The BBC, U.K.)

Metalworking and Jewelry

1. History of jewelry (khulsey.com)

2. Bronze Age metalwork (British Museum, U.K.)

3. A history of Chinese bronzes (silkporcelain.com)

4. The Pen y Bonc necklace (National Museum of Wales, U.K.)

5. Ancient beads (thebeadsit.com)

6. Ancient artifacts (UAE Virtual Museum, United Arab Emerates)

8. Videos and Images

Videos and Animations

1. Archaeology: a journey into the past: 12 minute video (archeologychannel.org)

2. Time traveler - English hillfort: animation (English Heritage, U.K.)

3. Explore the land of UR: quicktime file - slow to load - at bottom of the page (Maricopa Community College, Arizona, USA)

4. Agricultures heritage: 26 minute video (archeologychannel.org)

5. Silbury Hill - England: 10 minute video (archeologychannel.org)

6. The sledge in the Stone Age: 3 minute video (archeologychannel.org)

7. Glaciation animations Western Canada (Simon Fraser University, BC, Canada)

8. Ice age animation of Europe: requires Apple QuickTime (University College London U.K.)

9. Secrets of the Iceman: 7 minute video requires password (United Streaming/Discovery Education)

10. Science investigations: intro plus 12 minute video (howstuffworks.com)

11. Stonehenge by hand: 6 minute video (sortingoutscience.net)

Images --- Needs more information.-- Can you help?

1. Prehistoric artifacts (Sweet Briar College, Virginia, USA)

2. Prehistory images (commons.wikimedia.org)

3. Neolithic images (Google Images)

Podcasts --- Needs more information.-- Can you help?

1. Archeo News Podcasts (stonepages.com)

2. Neolithic revolution (ITHS High School, New York, USA)

9. WebQuests and Fun

Webquests --- Needs more information.-- Can you help?

1. Stone Age webquests (teacherwebquest.com)

2. The origins of agriculture (Indiana University)

3. Otzi Iceman (Mr. Maurermaurer, Bettendorf Middle School, Iowa, USA)

4. School packs - Geography of River Settlements (Worchestershire County Council, U. K.)

Fun

1. Archeology true/false game (University of Alabama, USA)

2. Prehistoric artifact game (University of Alabama, USA)

3. Early "Spelling Bee" (talkorigins.org)

4. Cave art to your art (sandfordcorp.com)

5. Caveman challenge game (The BBC, United Kingdom)

6. Fakes and mistakes (The BBC, United Kingdom)

7. Dig and deduce (pbs.org, USA)

8. Ice Age art game (Texas Council for the Humanities Resource Center, USA)

9. Piecing it all together (American Museum of Natural History, USA)

10. Miscellaneous Resources

Doing Research

1. How to do research - the CMS approach: see left side of page (Avi Luxenburg, Comox Valley School District, BC, Canada)

2. The Research Process (Oregon School Library Information System, USA)

3. Why should we study history? (schoolhistory.co, U.K.)

4. Primary vs. secondary sources (Bowling Green State University, Ohio, USA)

5. A student's guide to the study of history (historyguide.org)

6. How to do history (bbc.co.uk)

7. Archaeology - excavations and techniques (bbc.co.uk)

8. How old is that? - dating techniques (Minnesota State University, USA)

9. Learn about the impact of conquests (bbc.co.uk)

10. Family histories (bbc.co.uk)

11. Sentences (actden.com)

12. Writing paragraphs (actden.com)

13. Writing essays (actden.com)

14. Guide to writing a basic essay (Kathy Livingston)

15. Turning Microsoft Word into a talking word processor (Paul Hamilton, SETBC)

Translate . Traduisez . Traduzca . 翻译 . ترجم

1. Babel Fish translation (altavista.com)

2. Google Translate (google.com)

Misc.

1. Human origins glossary (American Museum of Natural History, USA)

2. Discovering Language Arts: Nonfiction: 41 minute video requires password (United Streaming/Discovery Education)

3. Archaeology - Latest news (The BBC, United Kingdom)

4. Open 3D visualization toolkit (Science Museum of Minnesota, USA)

5. Archaeomagnetic dating: pdf (English Heritage)

6. Check National Geographic index for magazine articles: type in "early humans ng".

7. Ask Dr. Dig (digonsite.com)

Folktales and Myths

1. Legends of stone monuments (D.L. Ashliman, University of Pittsburg)

Created by Stewart Savard August 2007. Updated September 18, 2009. All rights to "look and feel" reserved.
Thanks to mrdonn.org and phillipmartin.info for PowerPoint links.

CSS Styles by Josh Porter SD#71 (Comox Valley) July 2008.

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